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随着社会的发展,人类对化石能源的依赖导致大量的CO_2排入大气层,从而引起全球变暖、海平面上升等一系列全球性气候问题。CO_2地质封存是当前CO_2减排最有前景的技术,但大量的CO_2注入地层易诱发相应的力学问题:地表隆起变形、盖层完整性受损、断层活化等。因此,为了降低CO_2地质封存带来的安全风险,理论分析、数值模拟和响应面方法等手段被应用于此类力学问题的分析中。由于数值模拟方法能够解决大尺度范围内复杂几何模型的多场耦合问题,数值模拟成为当前在CO_2地质封存力学领域中应用最广泛的方法。因此,对CO_2地质封存若干力学问题的数值模拟方法进行了全面的综述。首先,简要介绍了多孔介质的温度-渗流-力学-化学(THMC)多场耦合原理,并对数值模拟解决多场耦合问题的方法进行了归类。然后,详细总结了数值模拟在解决CO_2地质封存力学问题方面的国内研究进展。最后,讨论了数值模拟方法在此类力学问题方面的应用缺陷,并提出了若干建议。
With the development of society, mankind’s reliance on fossil fuels has led to the massive emission of CO 2 into the atmosphere, causing a series of global climate problems such as global warming and sea level rise. CO_2 geologic sequestration is the most promising technology for CO 2 emission reduction at present. However, a large amount of CO 2 is injected into the formation to induce corresponding mechanical problems: surface bump deformation, damage of cover integrity and fault activation. Therefore, in order to reduce the safety risk caused by CO 2 geological storage, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and response surface method are applied to the analysis of such mechanical problems. Because numerical simulation method can solve the problem of multi-field coupling of complex geometric models in the large-scale range, numerical simulation has become the most widely used method in the field of CO 2 geological sealing mechanics at present. Therefore, a comprehensive review is given of the numerical simulation methods for several mechanical problems of CO2 geological storage. Firstly, the principle of multi-field coupling of temperature-seepage-mechanics-chemistry (THMC) in porous media is briefly introduced. The methods of numerical simulation for solving multi-field coupling problems are also classified. Then, the domestic research progress of numerical simulation in solving the geological storage mechanical problems of CO_2 is summarized in detail. Finally, the application defects of numerical simulation methods in such mechanical problems are discussed, and some suggestions are put forward.