目的:探讨农村中学生暴力遭遇与行为问题的相互关系。方法:采用横断面研究方法,对3620名随机选择的农村中学生进行问卷调查。农村中学生暴力遭遇调查和行为问题评定分别采用WHO暴力遭遇调查问卷和Achenbach儿童行为自陈量表(CBCL)。结果:3620名被调查的农村中学生,1225人(33.8%)在过去一年中经历过暴力遭遇;农村中学生行为问题检出率为14.3%(519/3620),暴力遭遇组行为问题检出率(22.4%)高于非暴力遭遇组(10.9%)(2χ=99.21,P<0.01),各行为问题因子,包括社交退缩、躯体诉述、焦虑抑郁、交往不良、思维问题、注意力问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、自我身份等9个因子,暴力遭遇组检出率均高于非暴力遭遇组,且差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。将农村中学生暴力遭遇可能的影响因素,如人口学因素、家庭背景、个人学习成绩等作为控制变量,进行logistic逐步回归分析,结果显示:与农村中学生暴力遭遇有关的行为问题因子,为躯体诉述、交往不良、思维问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为等因子。结论:农村中学生暴力遭遇者行为问题检出率显著高于非暴力遭遇者,暴力遭遇与其自身的行为问题有关。 Objective: To explore the relationship between rural middle school students’ violent encounters and behavior problems. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3620 randomly selected rural middle school students. A survey of violence against rural middle school students and assessment of behavior problems were conducted using the WHO questionnaire on violence and the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) respectively. Results: 3620 middle school students surveyed in rural areas, 1225 (33.8%) experienced violence during the past year; the detection rate of behavior problems among middle school students in rural areas was 14.3% (519/3620); the detection rate of behavioral problems in violent encounter groups (22.4%) were higher than those in non-violence group (10.9%) (2χ = 99.21, P <0.01). All behavioral problem factors including social withdrawal, physical statement, anxiety and depression, poor communication, thinking problems, attention problems, Behavior, aggressive behavior, self-identity and other nine factors, the detection rate of violent encounters were higher than that of non-violent encounters, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). According to the logistic stepwise regression analysis, the possible influencing factors such as demographic factors, family background and individual academic achievement of rural middle school students were investigated. The results showed that the factors of behavior problems related to violent encounters among rural middle school students were the factors such as body statement, Poor communication, thinking problems, discipline, aggressive behavior and other factors. Conclusion: The detection rate of behavior problems among rural middle school students suffering from violence was significantly higher than that of non-violence victims. The violence was related to their own behavioral problems.