论文部分内容阅读
目的了解贵州省黔南州2012年度学生传染病的流行病学特点,为有效降低学生传染病发病率提供科学依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对2012年《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的黔南州学生法定报告传染病发病资料进行分析。结果 2012年贵州省黔南州学生法定报告传染病发病率为67.07/10万,死亡率为0.062/10万,病死率为0.093%,发病数占黔南州全人群传染病数的12.82%。发病居前5位的病种依次为手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、肺结核、痢疾、病毒性肝炎,占发病总数的90.06%。死亡病种为乙脑、狂犬病,各1例,死亡数占全州全人群死亡传染病数的1.27%。全年均有病例报告,2月为全年发病低谷,月发病高峰为5和11月,但是各类传染病有不同的发病高峰季节。2~6岁组发病占学生总病例数的45.43%,但各类传染病发病数高的年龄组不同。结论 2012年贵州省黔南州学生法定报告传染病中以呼吸道传染病为主,应加强学校传染病的预防与控制。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases of students in Qiannan Prefecture in Guizhou Province in 2012 and provide a scientific basis for effectively reducing the incidence of infectious diseases among students. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of infectious diseases reported by students in Qiannan Prefecture in 2012 Disease Surveillance Information Report Management System. Results In 2012, the reported incidence rate of infectious diseases was 67.07 / 100,000 in Guizhou Qiannan Prefecture. The death rate was 0.062 / 100,000 and the case fatality rate was 0.093%. The incidence rate accounted for 12.82% of the total infectious diseases in Qiannan Prefecture. The top five diseases were HFMD, mumps, tuberculosis, dysentery and viral hepatitis, accounting for 90.06% of the total. The deaths were Japanese encephalitis and rabies, one in each case, accounting for 1.27% of the total number of deaths and infectious diseases in the whole prefecture. There are case reports throughout the year. February is the year with a low incidence and the monthly peak incidence is 5 and 11 months. However, all kinds of infectious diseases have different peak incidence season. The incidence of 2 ~ 6 years old group accounted for 45.43% of the total number of students, but the incidence of various types of infectious diseases in different age groups. Conclusions In 2012, infectious diseases of statutory reports in Qiannan Prefecture of Guizhou Province were mainly respiratory infectious diseases, prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools should be strengthened.