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英国工业革命时期企业家集团的形成、发展和壮大,是在工业化推动下英国社会阶层结构发生的重大变化。对这一新兴社会集团的阶层出身进行研究,能够揭示工业化早期英国社会流动的趋势和特点。在充分掌握关于工业革命时期英国企业家集团来源的计量研究成果基础上,借鉴社会学中有关社会阶层结构研究的方法,考察英国企业家集团起源所揭示的代际流动和代内流动趋势、先赋性因素和后致性因素在企业家创业成长中的影响,讨论工业化冲击下英国社会流动机制的变化,可以发现,在工业化早期,英国社会流动具有社会开放度提高、水平流动占主流、垂直流动跨度小、底层中等阶级面临向上和向下两种流动压力等四大特点。
The formation, development and expansion of entrepreneurial groups during the British Industrial Revolution were major changes in the social class structure in Great Britain under the impetus of industrialization. A study of the hierarchical origins of this emerging social group reveals the trends and characteristics of the social mobility in early-industrialized England. On the basis of fully grasping the metrological research results of the sources of British entrepreneurial groups during the industrial revolution, drawing lessons from the sociological study on the structure of social strata and examining the trends of intergenerational and intra-generational mobility as revealed by the origins of the British entrepreneurial groups, firstly It is found that in the early stage of industrialization, the social mobility of the United Kingdom has increased the degree of social openness, the mainstream of the horizontal flow and the vertical flow of the social mobility of the United Kingdom Small span, the bottom middle class face up and down two kinds of flow pressure and other four major characteristics.