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为了研究TbDyFe合金成分的变化对合金磁致伸缩性能的影响,采用真空感应熔炼炉制备四种Tb_xDy_(1-x)Fe_(1.91)(x=0.22、0.27、0.3、0.35)合金棒,然后取铸态性能较好的试棒真空定向凝固,将定向凝固后的试棒进行真空热处理,测试合金棒的磁致伸缩性能,分析合金中的组织取向,研究材料中的显微组织。研究表明,在低磁场下x=0.27的试样比其他三组实验得到的样品的磁致伸缩性能好,高磁场下x=0.3的样品磁致伸缩性能好而且“jump”效应明显,且定向凝固后的不同取向组织比例对试样的磁致伸缩性能影响很大。组织中的大尺寸富稀土相的产生对合金磁致伸缩性能影响很大。铸态性能较好的Tb_(0.27)Dy_(0.73)Fe_(1.91)合金,在真空环境下热处理后,稀土元素氧化烧损较多,磁致伸缩性能下降剧烈。合金基体主要的相为RFe_2与RFe_3耦合相,烧损导致合金的成分偏离,造成包晶RFe_2相和初生RFe_3相的耦合生长。
In order to study the influence of the composition of TbDyFe alloy on the magnetostrictive properties of the alloy, four kinds of Tb_xDy_ (1-x) Fe_ (1.91) (x = 0.22,0.27,0.3,0.35) alloy rods were prepared by vacuum induction melting furnace, The as-cast samples were cast in vacuum directional solidification. The directional solidified test rods were vacuum heat-treated to test the magnetostrictive properties of the alloy rods. The microstructure of the alloy was analyzed by analyzing the microstructure of the alloy. The results show that the magnetostriction of x = 0.27 is better than that of the other three samples in low magnetic field. The magnetostriction of x = 0.3 in high magnetic field is good and the effect of “jump” is obvious. And the proportion of different orientation structure after directional solidification has a great influence on the magnetostrictive performance of the sample. The generation of large-size rare earth-rich phase in the structure greatly affects the magnetostrictive properties of the alloy. The as-cast Tb_ (0.27) Dy_ (0.73) Fe_ (1.91) alloy with better as-cast performance shows more loss of magnetite and loss of magnetostriction after heat treatment in vacuum environment. The main phase of the alloy matrix is RFe_2 and RFe_3 coupling phase, the loss of the alloy composition caused by burning, resulting in peritectic RFe_2 phase and primary RFe_3 phase coupling growth.