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目的探讨重庆市12～18岁青少年学生超重、肥胖情况及代谢综合征(MS)流行情况,为预防青少年肥胖及MS提供依据。方法选取重庆市699名12～18岁青少年学生,测量身高、体质量、腰围和血压,并检测血脂和血糖。按照中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐超重、肥胖体质指数(BMI)分类标准和美国国家胆固醇教育计划Ⅲ(NCEPⅢ)修订的儿童青少年MS诊断标准,观察不同体质量组MS及其相关症状流行情况。结果本组学生中,正常体质量组635例,超重组52例,肥胖组12例。除总胆固醇(TC)在不同体质量组学生间差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05),腰围、血压、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均数在不同体质量组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重组及肥胖组学生的腰围、血压及TG水平显著高于正常体质量组(P<0.05),HDL-C水平显著低于正常体质量组(P<0.05);且肥胖组学生腰围及TG水平又显著高于超重组(P<0.05)。除FPG、TG水平异常检出率在不同体质量组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,MS及其各组分异常检出率在不同体质量组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重组和肥胖组MS组分2项异常率显著高于正常体质量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MS组分≥3项异常率组间排序为肥胖组>超重组>正常体质量组,组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超重和肥胖青少年较正常体质量青少年存在明显的血压、血脂和血糖异常等MS表现,预防和控制儿童肥胖,减少MS的发生应引起社会、学校和家庭的高度重视。
Objective To explore the prevalence of overweight and obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents aged 12 to 18 in Chongqing, and to provide basis for prevention of adolescent obesity and MS. Methods 699 adolescents aged 12-18 in Chongqing were selected to measure height, body mass, waist circumference and blood pressure, and blood lipid and blood sugar were measured. The prevalence of MS and its related symptoms in different body mass groups was observed according to the diagnostic criteria for MS in children and adolescents recommended by the WGOC for overweight and obesity index (BMI) and the United States National Cholesterol Education Program Ⅲ (NCEPⅢ) . Results In this group of students, there were 635 cases of normal body mass, 52 cases of overweight and 12 cases of obesity. Except total cholesterol (TC), there was no significant difference among different body mass groups (P> 0.05). Mean waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) Body mass differences between groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The waist circumference, blood pressure and TG level of students in overweight and obesity group were significantly higher than those of normal body weight group (P <0.05), HDL-C level was significantly lower than that of normal body weight group (P <0.05) The level was significantly higher than that of overweight group (P <0.05). Except FPG and TG abnormality detection rate in the different body mass groups was no significant difference (P> 0.05), the abnormal detection rate of MS and its components in different body mass groups were statistically significant (P <0.05) P <0.05). The abnormalities of MS component in overweight group and obesity group were significantly higher than that of normal body mass group (P <0.05), and the abnormality rate of ≥3 items in MS group ranked as obesity group> overweight group> normal There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). Conclusion Overweight and obese adolescents have obvious MS manifestations such as blood pressure, dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia compared with normal weight adolescents. Prevention and control of obesity in children and reduction of MS are of great importance to the society, schools and families.