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目的获得中山市活禽从业人员H7N9禽流感知识、信念、行为及相关政策支持度,为H7N9防控政策制定提供依据。方法 2014年3月,中山市3个活禽批发市场全部被纳入,并在全市24个镇(区、办事处),每个镇区随机选择1个存在活禽交易的零售市场;每个活禽市场随机选择2个档口;针对选择档口的全部从业人员(共154人)进行现场观察和问卷调查。采用SPSS 17.0进行描述分析。结果有12.3%的人知晓外表健康的禽类可能携带H7N9禽流感并传播给人,其中男性知晓的比例(17.7%)高于女性(6.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.52,P<0.05)。自我评价H7N9禽流感感染风险完全无、低、一般、高及说不清楚的人分别占24.5%、25.8%、31.8%、2.0%和15.9%。现场观察提示,从事销售工作时,从业人员采取戴口罩、戴手套,用流动的水和肥皂清洗双手防护措施的比例分别占72.2%、33.3%和3.4%。针对休市政策,对存栏、销售、屠宰“三分离”政策及“集中屠宰、冰鲜上市”政策持支持态度的人分别占59.1%、40.4%和21.6%。结论中山市活禽从业人员对H7N9禽流感认知不足,个人防护不足,对存栏、销售、屠宰“三分离”政策及“集中屠宰、冰鲜上市”政策的支持度较低,需要在该人群中进一步加强健康教育和政策宣传。
Objective To obtain the knowledge, belief, behavior and related policy support of H7N9 bird flu from live poultry workers in Zhongshan City, and to provide the basis for H7N9 prevention and control policy formulation. Methods In March 2014, three live poultry wholesale markets in Zhongshan were all included and a retail market with live poultry transactions was randomly selected in 24 towns (districts and offices) in the city and in each township; each live The poultry market randomly selected two stalls; for all the employees in the selected stalls (a total of 154 people) on-site observation and questionnaire survey. Described and analyzed by SPSS 17.0. As a result, 12.3% of them knew that the outward appearance of healthy birds might carry H7N9 bird flu and spread it to humans. The proportion of male known (17.7%) was higher than that of female (6.7%), the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4.52, P <0.05). Self-evaluation H7N9 birds with no risk of bird flu infection were 24.5%, 25.8%, 31.8%, 2.0% and 15.9%, respectively. On-site observation indicated that employees engaged in sales were 72.2%, 33.3% and 3.4% respectively when wearing protective masks and gloves, and using hands and feet to wash their hands with flowing water and soap. In terms of the market closure policy, 59.1%, 40.4% and 21.6% respectively hold supportive policies on the stockpiling, selling, slaughtering, “three separate” policies and the “centralized slaughtering and chilled listing” policies. Conclusion The live poultry workers in Zhongshan City, lack of knowledge of H7N9 bird flu and lack of personal protection, have a low degree of support for the policies of keeping a finger in the fence, selling, slaughtering, “separating the three” and the policy of “centralized slaughtering and chilled listing” There is a need to further strengthen health education and policy advocacy in this population.