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以7个春大豆品种为材料,对其发育特性、发育过程中β-淀粉酶的作用和胎萌发生的关系进行研究。结果表明:大豆发芽指数从满粒期到始熟期迅速上升,完熟期前达到最高。发芽力与种子干重呈极显著正相关。β-淀粉酶活性随种子发育和干物质的积累而增加,随种子萌动而下降,其活性与不易胎萌品种的发芽率和发芽指数呈正相关,与易胎萌品种呈负相关。4个易胎萌的品种中,95-1和9701胎萌于满粒期,发芽率达60%以上;华春18和矮脚早于始熟期胎萌,发芽率超过80%。始熟期后,发生胎萌的种子内β-淀粉酶活性有所下降。发生胎萌的大豆种子其干物质量和发芽率大幅度下降。
Seven spring soybean cultivars were used as materials to study the relationship between their developmental characteristics, the role of β-amylase in development and the occurrence of embryogenesis. The results showed that the germination index of soybean rose rapidly from the full grain period to the initial ripening stage and reached the highest level before the maturity stage. Germination and seed dry weight were extremely significant positive correlation. The activity of β-amylase increased with the seed development and the accumulation of dry matter, and decreased with the seed germination. The activity of β-amylase was positively correlated with the germination rate and germination index of the non-adolescent embryo, but negatively correlated with the adventitious embryogenesis. Among the four varieties of easy-adolescent embryos, 95-1 and 9701 fetuses sprouted in full-grain stage with germination rate above 60%. After ripening, there was a decrease in β-amylase activity in the embryo of the embryo. The occurrence of fetal adorable soybean seeds dry matter weight and germination rate dropped significantly.