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本文首先清理了近年来我国一些中强地震前后波速比异常概况。在21个震例中,有7次震前提出过不同程度的预报意见,12次是震后总结发现异常的,2次震后总结未发现异常。其次,讨论了利用天然地震资料探索地震波速度异常的几个问题:(1)现有较密的区域电信传输台网需提高观测精度,使得较大的前兆异常量不致于被误差所掩盖;(2)使用多台和达法探索波速比异常时必须注意其方向性效应,而且,若能把单台波速比法与多台波速比法平行对照使用,效果可能更好些;(3)要注意远台与近台出现异常的早晚与反应的程度;(4)高值点反映地震前兆的信息较小,而低值却可能携带某些前兆信息;(5)不会有固定不变的异常区,应该考虑到异常区的变迁。
In this paper, we first clean up the anomalous wave velocity anomalies before and after some moderate-strong earthquakes in China in recent years. Among the 21 earthquakes, there are 7 different earthquakes before the earthquake prediction, 12 earthquakes found after the conclusion of the anomaly, 2 earthquakes found no abnormalities. Secondly, some problems of exploring seismic velocity anomalies by using natural seismic data are discussed. (1) The existing dense telecom transmission network needs to improve the observation accuracy so that the larger anomalous precursors will not be overshadowed by the errors. 2) The use of multiple and up to explore the wave ratio anomaly must pay attention to its directional effects, and if the single wave ratio method and multiple wave ratio method parallel control, the effect may be better; (3) pay attention (4) the high value point reflects the information of the earthquake precursors is small, while the low value may carry some precursor information; (5) there will be no fixed abnormalities District, should take into account the changes in the abnormal area.