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目的分析我国不同类型疟疾病例诊断和报告中存在的问题,为制订我国疟疾控制和消除策略和措施提供参考。方法以中国疾病预防控制中心疾病监测信息管理系统报告的疟疾病例为基础,描述和分析我国2005-2008年报告的不同类型疟疾病例的构成,以及不同类型疟疾病例和不同单位报告病例的诊断方式、病例的发病-诊断时间等情况。结果 2005-2008年我国报告病例数总体呈下降趋势,降幅为71.77%,未分型疟疾仍占有一定比例;恶性疟和间日疟均以实验室诊断为主,实验室诊断构成比分别为91.44%和71.14%,28.22%的间日疟为临床诊断病例;22.45%未分型疟疾为实验室诊断病例;在各类型病例报告单位中,恶性疟、间日疟来自乡镇医院报告的病例分别占37.54%和71.79%,其中恶性疟报告病例33.41%来自于综合医院;恶性疟、间日疟和未分型疟疾的发病-诊断时间分别为72、96和72h。结论尽管我国疟疾病例诊断方式以实验室诊断为主,但存在诊断条件缺乏、诊断能力不足的情况,应进一步加强基层医疗单位的疟疾实验室诊断能力,实现我国疟疾消除的目标。
Objective To analyze the problems in diagnosis and reporting of different types of malaria cases in our country and provide references for the formulation of malaria control and elimination strategies and measures in China. Methods Based on the malaria cases reported by the Disease Surveillance Information Management System of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, we described and analyzed the composition of different types of malaria cases reported in China in 2005-2008 and the diagnosis methods of reported cases of different types of malaria cases and different units. The incidence of cases - diagnosis time and so on. Results In 2005-2008, the number of reported cases in our country generally showed a downward trend, with a decrease of 71.77%. Undifferentiated malaria still accounted for a certain proportion. Both laboratory-diagnosed falciparum malaria and Plasmodium vivax were laboratory-diagnosed with diagnostic ratios of 91.44 %, 71.14% and 28.22% respectively; 22.45% of cases of undivided malaria were diagnosed in the laboratory; among the reported cases of various types of cases, the reported cases of P. falciparum and P. vivax from township hospitals accounted for 37.54% and 71.79% respectively. Among them, 33.41% of the reported cases of P. falciparum came from general hospitals; the incidence of P. falciparum, P. vivax and undifferentiated malaria was 72, 96 and 72 hours respectively. Conclusion Although the diagnosis of malaria cases in our country is mainly based on laboratory diagnosis, there is a lack of diagnostic conditions and inadequate diagnostic capabilities. The malaria laboratory diagnosis ability of primary medical units should be further strengthened to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria in our country.