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随着煤矿采深加大与延伸,普通锚网(索)喷支护较难维持厚层复合顶板大断面煤巷围岩稳定性。通过对大量复合顶板事故调查及其产生过程分析,获得了复合顶板事故失稳机制及控制方案,并在许厂煤矿4312皮带顺槽进行了支护技术现场实践,取得了较好的支护效果。研究结果表明:为有效控制复合顶板岩层离层与竖向拉伸裂隙产生,可施加锚索来实现减跨作用,采取高强预应力锚固顶板下位复合岩层来提高岩梁的整体抗弯刚度,以减小顶板岩梁产生的弯曲应力;高强预应力锚杆、锚索、钢带和钢筋梯组成的“四位一体”的组合支护技术可较好地解决厚层复合顶板大断面沿空煤巷围岩稳定难题。
With the deepening and extending of coal mining depth, it is difficult to maintain the stability of the surrounding rock of the large-section coal seam with thick composite roof due to the common anchor net (cable) spray support. Through the investigation of a large number of complex roof accidents and its generation process, the instability mechanism and control scheme of composite roof accidents were obtained, and field practice of supporting technology was carried out in 4312 belt of Xuchang Coal Mine, which achieved good supporting effect . The results show that in order to effectively control the formation of vertical and vertical tension cracks in composite roof rock strata, the cable can be applied to reduce the cross-section effect. The high-strength prestressed anchoring roof composite rock sublayer can be used to improve the overall bending rigidity of the rock beam. Reduce the bending stress caused by rock roof beam; combined support technology composed of high-strength prestressed anchor, anchor cable, steel strip and steel ladder can solve the problem that the large section of thick composite roof Surrounding rock stability problem of empty coal roadway.