目的探讨中低位直肠癌切除并保肛手术的技巧与效果。方法对肿瘤下缘距肛缘5～8cm范围的直肠癌患者60例,均采取直肠系膜全切除(TME)并保肛、随访。结果 60例患者术后控便、排尿及感觉、辨别均良好,男性性功能无障碍。发生吻合口瘘3例(5%),吻合口狭窄2例(3.33%),2年内局部复发1例(1.67%),远处转移3例(5%)。结论中低位直肠癌直肠系膜全切除并保肛手术具有良好的近期疗效。 Objective To explore the technique and effect of resection and anal sphincter preservation surgery in low and middle rectal cancer. Methods Sixty patients with rectal cancer whose tumor margin was in the range of 5 ~ 8cm from the anal verge were treated with total mesorectal excision (TME) and were followed up. Results 60 patients postoperative control, urination and sensory, discrimination were good, male sexual function without barriers. Anastomotic fistula occurred in 3 cases (5%), anastomotic stenosis in 2 cases (3.33%), local recurrence in 2 years in 1 case (1.67%), distant metastasis in 3 cases (5%). Conclusions The total mesorectal excision and anal sphincter preservation in middle and low rectal cancer has a good short-term curative effect.