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HCl或NH_3没有集满等因素的干扰,其原因是:由于实验所制溶液,在一定温度下在密闭的容器里存在着水和该气体的蒸汽压,以及“喷管”的水位差压的缘故。为使烧瓶充满水,可松开烧瓶的塞子,再从锥形瓶的弯曲管吹气,使水刚好充至烧瓶的塞子下,就制得1体积水吸收1体积气体的盐酸或氨水。那么,由此实验制得的盐酸和氨水的百分比浓度,摩尔浓度和pH值各是多少? (1)求溶于水气体的摩尔数(n): 若实验在常压、常温(t℃)下测定,V为升根据:PV=nRT则n=PV/RT(mot)T=(273+t)K。 (2)求溶液的百分比浓度(c％): ∵由此所制溶液的浓度极稀,∵D_(溶液)≈1
The interference of HCl or NH_3 is not caused by the accumulation of factors such as the concentration of water and the vapor pressure of the gas in a closed container at a certain temperature due to the solution of the experiment, and the differential pressure of the “nozzle”. reason. To fill the flask with water, loosen the stopper of the flask and blow air from the bent tube of the conical flask so that the water is just under the stopper of the flask to obtain hydrochloric acid or ammonia water that absorbs 1 volume of water by 1 volume of water. What is the percentage concentration, molarity, and pH of hydrochloric acid and ammonia water produced in this experiment? (1) Find the number of moles of gas dissolved in water (n): If the experiment is at normal pressure and room temperature (t°C) The following measurement, V is based on: PV = nRT then n = PV / RT (mot) T = (273 + t) K. (2) Calculate the percentage concentration (c%) of the solution: ∵ The concentration of the solution thus prepared is extremely dilute, ∵D_(solution)≈1