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[目的]了解不同放射诊疗专业长期暴露于低剂量辐射环境中的工作人员健康状况,为保障放射工作人员的健康提供依据。[方法]研究对象为2006年1月—2010年12月无锡市53家医疗机构的389名放射诊疗专业工作人员。根据工作内容的不同,将其分为介入治疗组、放射技术组、放射诊断组以及放射治疗组,共4组。按照放射工作人员职业健康体检规范要求,回顾性分析不同组别的工作人员健康检查结果。对比分析不同组别的工作人员在职业性外照射年个人剂量、异常症状和体征检出率以及血常规异常检出率的差异;并将不同组别的异常症状和体征检出率、血常规异常检出率分别与年个人剂量进行相关分析。[结果]2006—2010年5年间,无锡市放射诊疗专业外照射年个人剂量均小于年剂量当量限值(20mSv),但不同工种之间的个人剂量有所不同,由高到低依次为:介入治疗组、放射技术组、放射诊断组、放射治疗组。不同组别间异常症状及体征的检出率是不同的,介入治疗组明显高于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但是不同组别的异常症状及体征的检出率均与年个人剂量呈低度相关。不同组别间血常规异常的检出率是不同的,介入治疗组血常规异常检出率总体高于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但是不同组别间血常规异常的检出率均与年个人剂量呈低度相关。[结论]不同放射诊疗专业的工作人员所受辐射剂量存在差异,异常症状及体征的检出率不但与累积剂量的增加有关,还与个体差异、生理等诸多因素有关,具有复杂性和多样性;从事介入治疗的放射工作人员异常症状及体征、外周血象的异常率明显高于其他专业者。辐射防护应当根据工作环境的不同,有针对性的加强,以保证长期暴露于低剂量电离辐射人员的健康。
[Objective] To understand the health conditions of staff members who were exposed to low-dose radiation environment for a long time in different radiology and health professions, and provide the basis for ensuring the health of radiation workers. [Method] The study was conducted on 389 radiologists in 53 medical institutions in Wuxi from January 2006 to December 2010. According to the different work content, it is divided into intervention group, radiotherapy group, radiation diagnosis group and radiotherapy group, a total of 4 groups. In accordance with the requirements of the occupational health examination standard for radiation workers, the results of the health examination of staff in different groups were retrospectively analyzed. The differences of individual dose, abnormal symptoms, signs and the detection rate of abnormalities in occupational external beam were compared between different groups of staff. The abnormal symptoms and signs of different groups, the blood routine Anomaly detection rate and annual individual dose correlation analysis. [Results] The individual doses of radiotherapy specialties in Wuxi during the five years from 2006 to 2010 were all less than the annual dose equivalent limit (20mSv), but the individual doses varied from high to low in order of: Intervention group, radiotherapy group, radiation diagnosis group, radiotherapy group. The detection rate of abnormal symptoms and signs of different groups were different, the intervention group was significantly higher than the other groups, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); but the different groups of abnormal symptoms and signs were detected And the individual dose was low correlation. The detection rate of blood abnormalities in different groups were different. The detection rate of abnormalities of blood routine in intervention group was higher than that in other groups (P <0.05). However, the blood abnormalities in different groups The detection rate was low correlated with annual individual dose. [Conclusion] There are differences in radiation doses among different radiation medical staffs. The detection rate of abnormal symptoms and signs is not only related to the increase of cumulative dose, but also related to individual differences, physiology and other factors, with complexity and diversity In the interventional treatment of radiation workers, abnormal symptoms and signs of peripheral blood abnormalities were significantly higher than other professionals. Radiation protection should be based on the different working environment, targeted to strengthen in order to ensure long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation health.