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本文对日语动词“立つ”的30个义项进行了梳理,发现动词“立つ”有“向上运动或变化”、“对某一位置的占据”和“处于水平运动的某一阶段”三大基本语义。蕴含向上变化属性的动词“立つ”不仅与表示占据的动词“立つ”构成语义连续体,而且与水平运动中的某一阶段相契合。其中,源自基本义“处于水平运动的某一阶段”两者的语义变体均通过隐喻实现,源自“对某一位置的占据”的语义变体通过隐喻、转喻或推理实现。该成果进一步丰富了前人对动词“立つ”多义性研究。
This article combs the 30 senses of Japanese verb “立 つ” and finds that the verb “立 つ ” has “Upward movement or change ”, “Occupy ” and “to a certain position are in horizontal movement A certain stage ”three basic semantics. The verb “立 つ ”, which contains the property of upward variation, not only forms a semantic continuum with the verb “立 つ” which indicates the occupation, but also meets a certain stage in horizontal movement. Among them, the semantic variations derived from the basic meaning “at a certain stage of horizontal motion” are all implemented through metaphor. The semantic variants originating from “occupancy of a position ” are defined by metaphor, metonymy or Inference to achieve. This result further enriches the predecessors’ research on the polysemy of the verb “Li Tzu ”.