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目的:调查阿莫西林所致肾损害及其临床特点。方法:收集1979年至2007年医学文献中阿莫西林所致肾损害的病例报告,对阿莫西林的用法用量,不良反应发生的时间和临床特点进行分析。结果:阿莫西林所致肾损害患者为32例。其中男性11例,女性21例,平均年龄(38.95±23.53)岁。阿莫西林单用16例,与其他药物联用9例,用阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾7例;静脉给药21例,口服给药9例(另2例给药途径不详)。32例(1例剂量不详)中有20例超过规定用量。阿莫西林所致肾损害主要为急性肾衰竭、急性间质性肾炎以及血尿。肾损害发生时间,在正常剂量时为(8.57±3.10)d,超量时为(1.05±1.57)d。结论:阿莫西林可引致严重肾损害,尤以超剂量时为多见。
Objective: To investigate the renal damage caused by amoxicillin and its clinical features. Methods: A case report of renal damage caused by amoxicillin in the medical literature from 1979 to 2007 was collected. The dosage of amoxicillin, the time and clinical features of the adverse reactions were analyzed. Results: Amoxicillin caused renal damage in 32 patients. Including 11 males and 21 females, mean age (38.95 ± 23.53) years old. Amoxicillin alone with 16 cases, 9 cases with other drugs, with amoxicillin / clavulanate potassium 7 cases; 21 cases of intravenous administration, oral administration of 9 cases (the other 2 cases of administration unknown). 32 cases (1 dose unknown) in 20 cases exceeded the required amount. Amoxicillin caused renal damage mainly acute renal failure, acute interstitial nephritis and hematuria. The time of renal injury was (8.57 ± 3.10) days at normal dose and (1.05 ± 1.57) days at overdose. Conclusion: Amoxicillin can cause severe renal damage, especially when overdose.