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目的了解黄浦区2009-2014年间流感流行特征,为流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法根据国家流感监测方案,收集本区流感监测点流感样病例(ILI)相关诊室就诊情况以及ILI就诊情况,对部分病例进行采样开展病原学监测,使用RT-PCR方法进行流感病毒亚型鉴定,阳性标本用MDCK细胞进行病毒分离。结果 2009-2014年黄浦区各周ILI%为0.27%~1.54%之间,三级医院周ILI%明显低于二级医院。检测流感样病例咽拭子标本8 315份,检出流感病毒阳性2 552份,阳性率为30.69%。结论本区流感发病主要集中在冬春季,夏季偶有流行。流感病毒优势亚型交替频繁,2009年本地区优势流行株为甲型H1N1,非流行年份优势流行株为H3和B型。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Huangpu District from 2009 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods According to the National Influenza Surveillance Program, the clinic visits and ILI visits were collected from influenza-like illness cases (ILI) in the flu surveillance area in this area. Some cases were sampled for etiological surveillance, and influenza virus subtypes were identified by RT-PCR. Positive specimens were virus isolated using MDCK cells. Results From 2009 to 2014, the ILI% of Huangpu District was 0.27% ~ 1.54% in each week, and the ILI% of tertiary hospitals was significantly lower than that of secondary hospitals in 2009-14. A total of 8 315 swab samples were detected in influenza-like cases, and 2 552 were positive for influenza virus. The positive rate was 30.69%. Conclusion The incidence of influenza in this area mainly concentrates in winter and spring, with occasional epidemic in summer. Influenza virus subtypes alternate frequently, the dominant epidemic strain in 2009 in this area is H1N1, and prevalent strains of non-endemic years are H3 and B types.