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针对中小型拱坝表孔大流量泄洪时存在的向心集中问题,结合某工程泄洪表孔消能工,采用数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方法对其不同体型的方案进行了对比分析。结果表明,表孔大流量泄洪时,设置高差动坎体型与窄缝式及低差动式挑坎相比,水舌纵向拉开更加明显,并伴有一定的横向扩散,水舌落点分布均匀,对河床形成的冲击压力较小且分散,消能效果较为显著。此外,其空蚀破坏可能性也不大,可见高差动坎体型总体安全、合理。
In order to solve the problem of centripetal concentration in large flow discharge of small and medium sized arch dams, combined with numerical simulation and model test, this paper compares and analyzes the schemes of different body types. The results show that when the large flow discharge of a surface hole discharges, the height differential ridge is larger than that of the narrow slotted and low differential ridge. The longitudinal divergence of the tongue is more obvious with some lateral diffusion, Distributed evenly, the impact pressure on the formation of the river bed is small and dispersed, energy dissipation effect is more significant. In addition, the possibility of cavitation damage is not large, we can see high differential body overall safe, reasonable.