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目的:探讨血清学检测技术对新生儿溶血病(HDFN)的诊断价值.方法:收集2016-07-11-2017-02-10陕西省人民医院产科及新生儿科患有高胆红素血症的新生儿1 000例患儿样本,对其进行血型鉴定、不规则抗体筛查检测、直接抗人球蛋白试验、游离抗体试验以及抗体释放试验检测.结果:①母婴血型不合者615例,以病历出院诊断确诊HDFN患儿281例(45.7％).②615例母婴血型不合患者中,ABO、Rh系统HDFN发生率分别为50.57％(267/528)、16.09％(14/87),比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).③ABO血型系统母婴血型不合者528例,A、B型血发病率分别为62.2％及41.4％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).④在确诊的281例HDFN患者中,血清学试验3项(直接抗人球蛋白试验、抗体释放试验阳性、游离抗体试验)均为阳性结果占1.8％;直接抗人球蛋白试验阴性而其余为试验阳性结果占3.6％;游离抗体实验阴性而其余为试验阳性结果占7.1％;单独抗体释放试验阳性结果占87.5％.⑤528例O型母亲血清中Ig-G抗A(B)效价≥64的有216例,确诊为HDFN为174例(80.6％);Ig-G抗A(B)＜64的有312例,确诊为HDFN的有93例(29.8％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:血清学检测技术对HDFN诊断起到一定辅助作用.“,”Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of serological detection and detection technique for hemolytic disease of the newborn(HDFN). Method: A total of 1 000 newborns with hyperbilirubinemia in the department of obstetrics and neonatology of Shaanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital were collected from 2016-07-11-2017-02-10. Blood group identification and screening for irregular antibodies were performed,direct anti-human globulin test,free antibody test and antibody release test. Result:①There were 615 cases with maternal and neonatal blood group incompatibility, and 281 cases (45.7％) were diagnosed with HDFN by medical records. The incidence of HDFN in ABO and Rh system was 50.57 ％ (267/528)and 16.09％(14/87).② The 615 cases of maternal and neonatal blood type incompatibility respectively. The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).③The 528 cases of maternal and neonatal blood type mismatch in ABO blood type system,the incidence rate of type A and type B blood were 62.2％ and 41.4％ respectively. The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).④Of the 281 HDFN patients diagnosed, 3 were serological tests(direct antiglobulin test, positive antibody release test,and free antibody test) with positive results of 1.8％; direct antiglobulin test was negative and the rest were The positive result of the test accounted for 3.6 ％; the free antibody test was negative and the remaining test positive result was 7.1 ％;the positive result of the single antibody release test accounted for 87.5％. There were 216 Ig-G anti-A(B) titers in the serum.⑤The 528 type O mothers,of which 174 (80.6％) were diagnosed with HDFN,and 312 were Ig-G anti A(B)＜64. There were 93 cases(29.8％)diagnosed with HDFN,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion;Serological detection technology can play an important role in the diagnosis of HDFN.