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目的了解重庆市消除碘缺乏病考核时8～10岁儿童甲状腺容积的分布特征,为今后评价其病情提供参考。方法 2009-2010年,以重庆市所有40个区县为调查县,每个区县随机选择1所乡小学,在被抽中的小学随机抽取60名8～10岁儿童进行甲状腺B超检查。结果共调查2393名8～10岁儿童,甲状腺容积数据不服从正态分布,呈右偏态分布,甲状腺容积中位数为3.53ml。正常儿童、肿大儿童甲状腺容积分别为3.46ml、5.47ml,8～、9～、10～岁儿童分别为3.27ml、3.53ml、3.77ml,其甲状腺容积随年龄增长而递增。不同年龄组所有儿童、正常儿童、肿大儿童的甲状腺容积比较差异均有统计学意义(H所有=131.54,H正常=140.07,H肿大=57.14,P<0.01)。男女儿童分别为3.54ml、3.48ml,不同性别的所有儿童、正常儿童、肿大儿童的甲状腺容积比较差异均无统计学意义(H所有=2.30,H正常=3.24,H肿大=0.23,P>0.05)。2009-2010年、1999年两次调查比较,儿童甲状腺肿大率(χ2=212.56,P<0.01)和甲状腺容积(H=77.85,P<0.01)均呈下降趋势。结论重庆市儿童甲状腺容积呈右偏态分布,与1999年比较,其肿大率和容积均呈下降趋势。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of thyroid volume in children aged 8 ~ 10 years during the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing, and to provide a reference for the future evaluation of the disease. Methods From 2009 to 2010, all 40 districts and counties in Chongqing were selected as survey counties. One county township primary school was randomly selected in each county. Sixty children aged 8 to 10 years old were selected at random from primary schools for thyroid ultrasound examination. Results A total of 2393 children aged 8 to 10 years were surveyed. The thyroid volume data did not obey the normal distribution and showed a right skewed distribution. The median thyroid volume was 3.53ml. Normal children, swelling of children with thyroid volume were 3.46ml, 5.47ml, 8 ~, 9 ~, 10 ~ year-old children were 3.27ml, 3.53ml, 3.77ml, the thyroid volume increases with age. The thyroid volume of all children in different age groups, normal children and swollen children were significantly different (H = 131.54, H = 140.07, H = 57.14, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in thyroid volume among all children, normal children and swollen children (H = 2.30, H = 3.24, H = 0.23, P > 0.05). The incidence of goiter (χ2 = 212.56, P <0.01) and thyroid volume (H = 77.85, P <0.01) showed a decreasing trend between the two surveys in 2009-2010 and 1999. Conclusions The thyroid volume of children in Chongqing showed a right-skewed distribution. Compared with 1999, the swelling rate and the volume of thyroid volume showed a downward trend.