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腐植酸是一种天然的有机高分子混合物,在农业生产中具有改良土壤、提高化肥利用率、刺激作物生长、增强作物抗逆能力和改善农产品品质等五大作用。此外,腐植酸对降低土壤重金属生物有效性也有明显效应。藉此,本文结合近年来腐植酸的实际应用,总结分析了腐植酸在土壤改良方面的研发与应用进展,包括土壤保水和作物抗旱、重金属污染治理和盐碱化改良等。此外,针对腐植酸产业发展中存在的问题,提出了相应的建议。
Humic acid is a kind of natural organic polymer mixture, which has the five functions of improving the soil, increasing the fertilizer utilization rate, stimulating the crop growth, enhancing the crop resilience and improving the quality of agricultural products in agricultural production. In addition, humic acid also has a significant effect on reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils. Based on the actual application of humic acid in recent years, this paper summarizes the progress of research and development and application of humic acid in soil improvement, including soil water conservation and crop drought resistance, heavy metal pollution control and salinization improvement. In addition, aiming at the problems existing in the development of humic acid industry, some suggestions are put forward.