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目的分析系统性红斑狼疮(Systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者药物变态反应的发生率、发生变态反应的药物种类及变态反应的严重程度。方法对426例在本院风湿科住院的SLE患者及204例在本院内科住院的慢性病患者(包括高血压、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎、慢性肾脏疾病、冠心病和其他慢病患者62例)进行回顾性分析,记录患者的人口统计学资料、用药史、药物变态反应种类、临床表现和严重程度。结果 426例SLE患者中有121例患者(28.40%)发生了药物变态反应,204例普通内科慢性病患者组中有26例患者(12.75%)发生了药物变态反应(P<0.05)。在SLE组,最常见的易发生变态反应的抗生素是青霉素类56例(13.15%),其次是头孢类抗生素54例(12.68%),中药注射剂25例(5.87%),大环内酯类16例(3.76%)和喹诺酮类16例(3.76%)。皮疹是药物变态反应最常见的临床表现。SLE组中对6种药物均发生变态反应的有2例患者,对5种药物发生变态反应者3例,4种药物者5例。结论药物变态反应在SLE患者中较常见,SLE患者可以同时对多种药物发生变态反应,青霉素是最常见的变态反应药物,中药注射剂也易发生变态反应,需引起重视。
Objective To analyze the incidence of drug allergy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the types of drugs that cause allergic reactions and the severity of allergic reactions. Methods A total of 426 SLE patients hospitalized in rheumatology department of our hospital and 204 chronic patients hospitalized in our department of internal medicine (including 62 patients with hypertension, diabetes, chronic bronchitis, chronic kidney disease, coronary heart disease and other chronic diseases) Retrospective analysis, record the patient’s demographic information, drug history, type of drug allergy, clinical manifestations and severity. Results Drug allergy occurred in 121 of 426 SLE patients (28.40%) and drug allergy occurred in 26 of 204 (12.75%) patients in the 204 patients with chronic diseases of general medicine (P <0.05). In the SLE group, the most common allergic antibiotics were penicillins in 56 cases (13.15%), followed by cephalosporins in 54 cases (12.68%), traditional Chinese medicine injection in 25 cases (5.87%), macrolide 16 Cases (3.76%) and quinolones in 16 cases (3.76%). Rash is the most common clinical manifestation of drug allergy. There were 2 patients in the SLE group who were allergic to 6 drugs, 3 patients were allergic to 5 drugs and 5 patients were 4 drugs. Conclusions Drug allergy is more common in patients with SLE. Patients with SLE may have allergic reactions to various drugs at the same time. Penicillin is the most common allergic drug. Traditional Chinese injections are also susceptible to allergic reactions.