介绍了一种光纤探针同时作为光源和探测器的反射式扫描近场光学显微镜，该装置通过采用相干探测、偏振分光等技术克服了该类显微镜所普遍面临的噪声背景干扰问题，具有较高的光学信噪比，并通过样品纵向振动调制锁相实现了对样品表面光强梯度信号的探测成像，进一步改善了成像质量。成像研究表明该装置可对近场衰逝分量进行有效探测并实现了超衍射极限成像。 A fiber optic probe is also used as a reflection scanning near-field optical microscope for light source and detector. The apparatus overcomes the noise background interference commonly encountered in such microscopes through the use of coherent detection and polarization splitting, and has a higher The optical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is obtained. The detection of the signal of the gradient of the light intensity on the sample surface is achieved by phase-locked modulation of the longitudinal vibration of the sample to further improve the imaging quality. Imaging studies show that the device can effectively detect near-field evanescent components and achieve super-diffraction imaging.