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以葡萄采后灰霉病菌为试材,采用菌丝生长速率法、悬滴法以及活体接种方法,研究了不同温度对葡萄灰霉病菌的菌丝生长率和孢子萌发率的影响,并对不同温度下不同方式接种灰霉病菌的发病情况进行调查。结果表明:葡萄采后灰霉病菌菌丝的生长受温度条件影响较大,菌丝生长量和孢子萌发率与温度、时间呈正相关。(25±1)℃适宜菌丝的生长,孢子萌发率随时间增加而增加,4h后孢子萌发率迅速增高;(10±1)℃菌丝生长较慢,孢子萌发率缓慢增长,6h萌发率仅为9.05%;(0±1)℃菌丝生长极慢,孢子萌发率也最低,6h孢子萌发率仅为3.48%。菌丝生长率和2h以后的孢子萌发率在各温度条件下的均为差异极显著(P<0.01)。在有伤、无伤、不接种3种接种方式条件下,有伤接种方式下灰霉病菌极易(P<0.01)造成对葡萄的损害,病情发展快,并随温度升高病斑直径也随之增大;无伤和不接种较有伤接种病情发展较慢,它们的发病率遵循相同规律,无伤接种较不接种的发病率高,二者间差异极显著(P<0.01)。
Using the mycelium growth rate method, hanging drop method and inoculation method, the effects of different temperature on mycelial growth rate and spore germination rate of Botrytis cinerea were studied. Temperature inoculation of Botrytis cinerea in different ways to investigate the incidence. The results showed that the growth of gray mold mycelia of grapes after harvest was greatly affected by the temperature. The growth of mycelium and the spore germination rate were positively correlated with temperature and time. (25 ± 1) ℃, the spore germination rate increased with time increasing, and the spore germination rate increased rapidly after 4h; (10 ± 1) ℃ mycelial growth slowed, spore germination rate slowly increased, the germination rate was 6h Only 9.05%; (0 ± 1) ℃ mycelial growth slow, spore germination rate is also the lowest, 6h spore germination rate was only 3.48%. The mycelial growth rate and spore germination rate after 2h were significantly different at all temperature (P <0.01). Under the conditions of injury, no injury and no inoculation, the Botrytis cinerea could easily damage the grape (P <0.01), the disease developed fast, and the diameter of the lesion also increased with temperature The incidence of non-injury and non-vaccinated more injured vaccines developed more slowly, and their morbidity followed the same rule. The incidence of non-vaccinated and non-vaccinated vaccines was higher than that of non-vaccinated ones (P <0.01).