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脑血管疾病(cerebrovascular disease,CVD)是由各种脑血管病变所引起的脑部疾病。根据病理性质可分为缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中,前者又称为脑梗死,另外血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)及认知障碍(vascular mild cognitive impairment,VaM-CI)也属于脑血管疾病的范畴。CVD是神经系统的常见病及多发病,是目前人类疾病的三大死亡原因之一,存活者中50%～70%病人遗留瘫痪、失语等严重残疾,给社会和家庭带来沉重的负担。国内外研究都发现叶酸(folic acid,folate)、维生素B6(vitamin B6,VB6)、维生素B12(vitamin B12,VB12)缺乏以及同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平升高与脑血管疾病有明显的相关性,叶酸、VB6和VB12是Hcy在体内代谢的重要辅酶,对叶酸、VB6、VB12和Hcy的研究将有助于脑血管疾病的预防和治疗。
Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a brain disease caused by various cerebrovascular diseases. According to the pathological nature of the disease can be divided into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, the former also known as cerebral infarction, in addition to vascular dementia (vascular dementia, VD) and cognitive impairment (vascular mild cognitive impairment, VaM-CI) also belong to The area of cerebrovascular disease. CVD is one of the three major causes of death in the human nervous system. CVD is a common cause of death in the nervous system. 50% to 70% of survivors are left with paralysis and severe disability such as aphasia, posing a heavy burden on society and families. Domestic and foreign studies have found that the folic acid (folate), vitamin B6 (VB6), vitamin B12 (VB12) deficiency and homocysteine (Hcy) levels and cerebrovascular disease have Evidently, folic acid, VB6 and VB12 are important coenzymes of metabolism of Hcy in vivo. The study of folic acid, VB6, VB12 and Hcy will be helpful for the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.