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试验基于中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站长期定位试验,研究不同植被覆盖(无植被、杂草和作物覆盖)与施肥管理(无肥、化肥和化肥加有机肥)下所形成的不同的土壤属性对微生物类群(细菌、真菌和放线菌)组成、数量的影响,结果表明:不同植被覆盖与施肥管理下的土壤中,细菌的数量明显多于放线菌和真菌的数量。不同植被覆盖下的土壤,在长期没有肥料的投入的情况下,经不种作物直接培养后,土壤微生物总数量的变化情况为:草地>作物覆盖>裸地;种植玉米后微生物的总数量发生了变化,表现为:裸地>草地>作物覆盖。而在农田生态系统中,不同施肥管理方式下的土壤,在不种作物直接培养的条件下,土壤微生物的数量表现为:化肥配施有机肥耕地>化肥耕地>无肥耕地,种植玉米后微生物的数量亦呈相同趋势。种玉米后微生物的总数量均比不种作物直接培养的有所增加,裸地、草地、无肥、化肥、化肥配施有机肥的土壤微生物总数量比不种作物直接培养的处理分别增加268%、34.74%、10.90%、24.92%、78.48%,其中裸地增加量最大。
Based on the long-term experiment at Helen Agricultural Ecology Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil properties under different vegetation cover (no vegetation, weeds and crop cover) and fertilization management (no fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer) Microbial flora (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) composition, the number of results show that: under different vegetation cover and fertilization management of soil, the number of bacteria was significantly more than actinomycetes and fungi. Under the condition of long-term no fertilizers input, the total amount of soil microbes changed under the different cultivation of non-crop species: grassland> crop cover> bare land; the total number of microorganisms after planting corn The changes, manifested as: bare land> lawn> crop cover. In the agroecosystem, under the different fertilization management modes, the quantity of soil microbes under the condition of no direct cultivation of the crops showed as follows: the chemical fertilizer was applied to the organic fertilizer farmland> the chemical fertilizer farmland> the non-fertile farmland and the corn plantation microorganism The same trend also appears in the number of. The total number of microbes in maize increased more than that of non-crop cultivars. The total amount of soil microbes in bare land, grassland, no fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer increased by 268 %, 34.74%, 10.90%, 24.92%, 78.48% respectively, of which the bare land increased the most.