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目的探讨小儿脑性瘫痪(简称脑瘫)发病的危险因素。方法对51例脑瘫患儿及102例对照进行以医院为基础的1∶2配比病例对照研究,所获数据采用条件Logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析提示,类似疾病家族史、孕母高龄、孕母反复阴道流血、早产、低出生体重、新生儿窒息、核黄疸、颅内出血,特别是新生儿窒息和早产(OR=11.043和OR=5.975)与小儿脑瘫的发生有关联。多因素分析结果显示,低出生体重、类似疾病家族史、早产、新生儿窒息、孕母高龄为其发病的主要危险因素。结论脑瘫发病的相关危险因素主要集中在孕期和围产期,积极预防和消除各种致病危险因素,可降低脑瘫的发病率。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of cerebral palsy in children (referred to as cerebral palsy). Methods Fifty-one children with cerebral palsy and 102 controls were studied with a hospital-based 1: 2 matched case-control study. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Univariate analysis showed that family history of similar diseases, pregnant mothers, pregnant women with recurrent vaginal bleeding, premature birth, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, kernicterus, intracranial hemorrhage, especially neonatal asphyxia and preterm labor (OR = 11.043 and OR = 5.975) is associated with the occurrence of pediatric cerebral palsy. Multivariate analysis showed that low birth weight, family history of similar diseases, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia and pregnant mothers were the main risk factors for their morbidity. Conclusion The related risk factors of cerebral palsy are mainly concentrated in the period of pregnancy and perinatal. Active prevention and elimination of various risk factors can reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy.