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全面论述了以糖类衍生物(木糖、果糖、葡萄糖和纤维素等)为原料,水相体系中制备5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)和糠醛(FFA)等生物质平台分子的过程。我们开发了硅酸铝和盐酸催化体系,研究了其在水/有机溶剂组成的双相体系中催化葡萄糖制5-HMF路径,发现葡萄糖转化率100%,HMF收率可达61.5%。我们设计并合成了一系列不同金属离子掺杂的介孔分子筛催化剂,实现了离子液体体系中高效催化葡萄糖和果糖脱水制备5-HMF。此外,我们合成了介孔分子筛催化剂,实验发现Sn-MCM-41(50)具有最好的催化效果,催化葡萄糖得到5-羟甲基糠醛的收率为51%,葡萄糖转化率为99%。我们研制了磷酸钽催化剂,完成了催化果糖转化5-HMF的小试和中试研究。自行设计搭建的果糖转化5-HMF的小试和中试装置:5-HMF粗产品产量>250 kg/月;果糖转化率>95%;5-HMF收率>82%;催化剂寿命>500 h。此外,我们研究了配位不完全的锌离子在高浓度氯化锌溶液中催化碳水化合物转化成5-羟甲基糠醛过程,发现5-HMF产率可达50%以上。
In this paper, the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural (FFA) and other biomass platform molecules in aqueous system using carbohydrate derivatives (xylose, fructose, glucose and cellulose as raw materials) process. We developed an aluminum silicate and hydrochloric acid catalytic system and studied its 5-HMF pathway catalyzed by glucose in a water / organic solvent biphasic system. It was found that the conversion of glucose was 100% and the yield of HMF was 61.5%. We designed and synthesized a series of different metal ion-doped mesoporous molecular sieve catalysts, and realized the efficient dehydration of glucose and fructose to prepare 5-HMF in the ionic liquid system. In addition, we synthesized mesoporous molecular sieve catalyst and found that Sn-MCM-41 (50) has the best catalytic effect. The yield of 5-HMF catalyzed by glucose was 51% and the glucose conversion was 99%. We developed a tantalum phosphate catalyst and completed a pilot and pilot study of the catalytic conversion of fructose 5-HMF. The 5-HMF small-scale and pilot-scale devices designed by ourselves were designed and manufactured. The crude product yield of 5-HMF was> 250 kg / month. The conversion of fructose was> 95%. The yield of 5-HMF was> 82% . In addition, we studied the conversion of incompletely coordinated zinc ions into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a high concentration of zinc chloride solution and found that the yield of 5-HMF can reach more than 50%.