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随着微型金融的发展,女性借款人所占比重越来越大。研究认为其主要原因是:利用妇女的性别特征,微型金融机构可以帮助她们尽快致富;瞄准妇女的微型金融可以降低女婴死亡率、提高女性的文化水平;可以避免妇女对女孩的忽视和选择性流产女性胎儿;可以解决资金在男女之间分配的不平等问题;还可以降低微型金融机构收回本利的风险,等等。另外,微型金融之所以有助于提升女性赋权水平、实现男女平等,其根本原因在于它有助于消除普遍存在的对女性的资本抑制现象,提高妇女生育过多孩子所耗时间的机会成本,并通过联保小组内的联带责任、成员监督等机制保护妇女权益。
With the development of microfinance, the proportion of female borrowers is increasing. The main reasons for this research are: the use of the gender characteristics of women and the help of MFIs to help them get rich as soon as possible; targeting micro-finance for women can reduce female infant mortality and raise women’s literacy; women’s neglect and selectivity towards girls can be avoided Miscarriage of a female fetus; the problem of inequality in the distribution of funds between men and women; and the risk of microfinance institutions recovering their profits, and so on. In addition, the reason why microfinance helps to raise the level of women’s empowerment and achieve equality between men and women lies in the fact that it helps to eliminate the ubiquitous capital restraint on women and increase the opportunity cost of women’s excessive childbirth , And protect the rights and interests of women through such mechanisms as joint liability and member supervision within the UNPROFOR team.