1999年,当我们庆祝芬兰民族史诗《卡勒瓦拉》出版150周年的时候,通常添加这样的脚注,所庆祝的对象是22,795行的《新卡勒瓦拉》(New Kalevala)。这个“新”的意思是,之前存在一个《老卡勒瓦拉》(Old Kalevala),即十四年前~①庆祝过的12,078行的版本。但那个版本既不是最老的,也不是最短的。我们所说的《原型卡勒瓦拉》(Proto-Kalevala),即未出版的《有关万奈摩宁的诗歌集》,其实也在《老卡勒瓦拉》之前,它只有5052行。然而,史诗的演化还不 In 1999, when we celebrated the 150th anniversary of the publication of the Finnish national epic Kalevala, this footnote was usually added to celebrate 22,795 New Kalevala. This “new” means that there was an Old Kalevala, a 12,078-line edition celebrated fourteen years ago. But that version is neither the oldest nor the shortest. What we call “Proto-Kalevala,” an unpublished “Anthology of Wanna-Marin’s poetry,” is in fact about 5,052 lines before “Old Kalevala.” However, the evolution of the epic is not yet