一、引言回旋管是一种利用电子回旋脉泽机理的新型微波器件。理论上,它是由于快波结构(如金属管或波导)内的轴向磁场中作螺旋运动的一群单能量电子在起作用。回旋管中产生辐射的物理机理,来源于相对论性效应。一开始,处 I. Introduction The gyrotron is a new type of microwave device that uses the electron cyclotron maze mechanism. In theory, it works because of a group of single-energy electrons that move helically in the axial magnetic field in fast-wave structures such as metal tubes or waveguides. The physical mechanism of radiation in the gyrotron stems from the relativistic effect. At the beginning, at