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本文以莆田地区的公路建设项目为例,对公路建设带来的沿海滩涂围垦区人工湿地生态环境影响进行评价。现状调查显示:1)拟建工程影响的人工湿地与海洋联系紧密,生态安全相当重要;2)拟建工程影响的人工湿地鸟类生物多样性较高;3)拟建工程影响的人工湿地水生生物和陆生植物及植被的多样性较低。研究结果表明,尽管拟建公路以桥梁形式跨越人工湿地,但对生态环境仍有一定影响,影响包括:1)鸟类受景观污染和噪声影响,生物多样性将降低;2)公路建设和营运对人工湿地的生态安全将产生影响,并污染围垦区外海洋;3)公路建设和营运可能带来外来入侵植物;研究认为建设单位必须针对鸟类和外来物种采取保护和补偿措施,并做好风险防范措施,保障湿地生态系统安全。研究对目前滩涂围垦区内的各种建设项目生态环境影响评价工作有一定的借鉴和参考价值。
This paper takes the highway construction project in Putian as an example to evaluate the ecological and environmental impact of constructed wetland in coastal reclamation area brought by highway construction. The current status of the survey shows that: 1) the constructed wetland affected by the proposed project is closely linked with the oceans, and ecological safety is of great importance; 2) the biological diversity of wetlands in constructed wetlands is high; 3) the constructed wetland aquatic Biological and terrestrial plants and vegetation diversity is low. The results show that although the proposed road crosses the constructed wetland in the form of bridge, it still has some impacts on the ecological environment. The impacts include: 1) the birds will be affected by landscape pollution and noise and biodiversity will be reduced; 2) road construction and operation Which will affect the ecological safety of the constructed wetland and pollute the sea outside the reclamation area; 3) the construction and operation of the highway may bring alien invasive plants; and the research thinks that the construction unit must take protection and compensation measures against birds and alien species and do well Risk prevention measures to ensure the safety of wetland ecosystems. The research has certain reference and reference value to the current eco-environmental impact assessment of various construction projects within the reclamation area.