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目的探讨暴露于大气交通污染物对雄性小鼠生殖系统影响。方法 15只雄性昆明系小鼠随机分为3组:重度污染暴露组、中度污染暴露组和相对清洁对照组,每组5只,每日现场暴露10 h。小鼠暴露26 d后,称量体重、睾丸重量并计算脏器系数,然后睾丸和附睾经组织切片、苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,在光镜下观察组织病理学变化。结果对照组小鼠平均体重为27.88 g,睾丸重量为0.140 2 g,而重度污染暴露组小鼠平均体重为25.60 g,睾丸重量为0.115 7 g,经检验差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,重度污染暴露组小鼠生精细胞层数由正常的5～7层减少到1～2层,中度污染暴露组小鼠生精细胞层数由正常的5～7层减少到3～4层,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与对照组比较,中度、重度污染暴露组精子数量均明显减少且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论大气交通污染物对雄性小鼠生殖系统会造成一定损伤。
Objective To investigate the effects of exposure to atmospheric traffic pollutants on the reproductive system of male mice. Methods Fifteen male Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups: severe pollution exposure group, moderate pollution exposure group and relatively clean control group, with 5 mice in each group. The mice were exposed daily for 10 hours. After exposure for 26 days, the body weight and testicular weight of the mice were weighed and the organ coefficient was calculated. The testis and epididymis were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). The histopathological changes were observed under light microscope. Results The average body weight of the mice in the control group was 27.88 g and the weight of testis was 0.140 2 g. The average body weight of mice exposed to severe pollution was 25.60 g and the weight of testis was 0.115 7 g. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ). Compared with the control group, the number of spermatogenic cells in mice exposed to severe pollution decreased from the normal levels of 5 to 7 to 1 to 2, while the number of spermatogenic cells in mice exposed to moderate levels of pollution was increased from 5 to 7 (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the number of spermatozoa in the moderately and severely polluted exposed groups was significantly decreased (P <0.01). Conclusion Air traffic pollutants can cause some damage to the reproductive system of male mice.