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采用野外调查和数学模拟方法,选择树种组成、年龄、郁闭度、起源、层次、生物量以及土壤厚度等7个林分结构因子,建立了北京山区水源林结构与功能耦合关系模型。利用结构与功能耦合关系模型,比较了北京密云水库上游8种水源林森林类型,结果表明:1)保持水土功能大小顺序是阔叶混交林>桦树林>蒙古栎林>山杨林>油松林>刺槐林>侧柏林>落叶松林;2)涵养水源功能大小顺序是山杨林>蒙古栎林>桦树林>阔叶混交林>落叶松林>侧柏林>油松林>刺槐林;3)改善水质功能大小顺序是桦树林>蒙古栎林>山杨林>阔叶混交林>侧柏林>刺槐林>油松林>落叶松林。
Field investigation and mathematical simulation methods were used to establish the structural and functional coupling relationship models of water source forests in Beijing mountainous areas. The tree species composition, age, canopy density, origin, level, biomass and soil thickness were used to determine the structure of the forest. The results showed that: 1) The order of soil and water conservation function was broad-leaved mixed forest> birch forest> Mongolian oak forest> Populus euphratica forest> Pinus tabulaeformis forest > Robinia pseudoacacia forest> Platycladus orientalis forest> Larch forest; 2) The water conservation function order is Populus euphratica> Quercus mongolica> birch forest> broadleaf forest> Larix forest> Platycladus orientalis> Pinus tabulaeformis forest> Robinia pseudoacacia forest; 3) The functional order is birch forest> Quercus mongolica forest> Populus euphratica forest> broadleaved mixed forest> Platycladus orientalis forest> Robinia pseudoacacia forest> Pinus tabulaeformis forest> Larch forest.