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以往的报道显示宫颈癌组织内的雌激素受体1(Estrogen Receptor 1,ESR1)基因启动子发生高度甲基化,并提示其基因表达水平可能下降或基因休眠。本研究从蛋白质水平观察ESR1表达缺失与宫颈病变进程的关系及其维、汉妇女族群差异。收集维吾尔族和汉族妇女宫颈炎、宫颈内上皮瘤样病变(Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia,CIN)I/II/III和宫颈鳞癌患者的福尔马林浸泡与石蜡包埋宫颈组织标本共180例,采用免疫组织化学方法鉴定ESR1蛋白表达水平。结果显示,ESR1蛋白在宫颈上皮和间质细胞均有表达,但是随着CIN和宫颈鳞癌的发病进程,其在上皮细胞内的表达逐渐发生缺失;ESR1蛋白表达缺失率在宫颈炎和CIN I组较低(22%),CIN II/III组明显升高(64%),宫颈鳞癌达到最高(76%),各组之间差异显著(P<0.01),但是在个体年龄之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。维、汉妇女族群ESR1表达缺失率的变化趋势有共性,其族群差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。由此表明,ESR1表达缺失可能是宫颈鳞癌的早期预警指标,这为揭示该基因高度甲基化相关的表观遗传学机制提供了重要依据。
Previous reports showed that the promoter of Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) gene in cervical cancer tissues is highly methylated, which may indicate that its gene expression level may be decreased or the gene dormancy. In this study, we observed the relationship between the loss of ESR1 expression and the progression of cervical lesions at the protein level and the differences in female and Chinese women. A total of 180 Uygur and Han women with cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I / II / III and cervical squamous cell carcinoma were collected from formalin-embedded and paraffin-embedded cervical tissue specimens Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the expression of ESR1 protein. The results showed that the expression of ESR1 protein in cervical epithelial cells and stromal cells, but with the progression of CIN and cervical squamous cell carcinoma, its expression gradually disappeared in epithelial cells; ESR1 protein expression loss in cervicitis and CIN I (22%), significantly higher in CIN II / III group (64%) and highest in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (76%), with significant difference between groups (P <0.01) Statistical difference (P> 0.05). The change trend of ESR1 deletion rate in Victoria and Han women groups was common, and there was no significant difference in ethnic groups (P> 0.05). Thus, the loss of ESR1 expression may be an early warning indicator of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which provides an important basis for revealing the epigenetic mechanism of hypermethylation of the gene.