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根据我国首次北极地区的考察观测资料，分析了北冰洋８８°Ｎ～９０°Ｎ考察路段上海冰形态和雪层剖面特征，划分出３种海冰形态类型和相应的积雪分布形式，指出了不同积雪分布形式下雪深测量、雪层剖面观测以及雪坑采样的适宜性。海冰上覆积雪的积消过程表现为缓慢的积累和快速的消融，雪深空间分布与降水来源有极大的关系。遥感监测和雪层剖面观测证明北冰洋海冰上覆积雪无明显“年积累”大于“年消融”的区域，属于季节性积雪
According to the observation and observation data of the first Arctic region in our country, the characteristics of ice shape and snow profile in Shanghai section of 88 ° N ~ 90 ° N are analyzed. Three types of sea ice morphology and corresponding snow distribution patterns are pointed out, Snow depth measurement of snow distribution, snow profile observation and snow pit sampling suitability. The cumulative process of overlying snow on sea ice is characterized by slow accumulation and rapid ablation, and the deep spatial distribution of snow has a great relationship with the source of precipitation. Remote sensing monitoring and snow slice profile observation show that there is no obvious “annual accumulation” over the snow in the Arctic Ocean over the “year ablation” area, which belongs to the seasonal snow cover