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目的在北京市居民中对《公众应急准备现状评价量表》的信度和效度进行检验。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在北京市东城区、朝阳区、门头沟区、延庆区选取1 000名常住人口作为调查对象,使用《公众应急准备现状评价量表》进行问卷调查,使用一致性检验、因子分析等方法对量表信度、效度进行检验。结果有效调查998人,其中男性472人(47.77%),女性516人(52.23%);量表的一致性Cronbach’sα系数为0.81,SpearmanBrown系数为0.68,Guttman split-half系数为0.68,按人群特征分层后,量表的一致性系数和半分系数均在可接受范围,去除条目后的一致性Cronbach’sα系数均无明显降低;因子分析结果显示,量表分为5个因子,分别为主动学习、应急风险感知、应急态度、处置自我效能和应急准备认知,累计方差贡献率解释为66.12%,各因子内部相关系数均>0.60,去除条目后的Cronbach’sα系数均无明显降低。结论量表具备较好的信度和结构效度,可以适用于北京居民人群应急准备状况的评价测量。
Objective To test the reliability and validity of “Public Emergency Preparedness Assessment Scale” in Beijing residents. Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 1 000 permanent residents in Dongcheng District, Chaoyang District, Mentougou District and Yanqing District of Beijing as the survey subjects. The questionnaire was conducted using the “Public Emergency Preparedness Assessment Scale” Test, factor analysis and other methods to measure the reliability and validity of the test. Results A total of 998 people were surveyed, including 472 males (47.77%) and 516 females (52.23%). The consistency of scales was 0.81, Spearman Brown coefficient was 0.68, Guttman split-half coefficient was 0.68, After the feature stratification, the consistency coefficient and the semi-subfraction coefficient of the scale were within the acceptable range, and the consistency of the Cronbach’s α coefficient after removing the item had no significant reduction. The result of factor analysis showed that the scale was divided into five factors Active learning, emergency risk perception, emergency attitude, self-efficacy disposal and emergency preparedness cognition. The cumulative variance contribution rate was explained as 66.12%, and the internal correlation coefficient of each factor was> 0.60. No significant decrease was found in the Cronbach’s α coefficient after the items were removed. Conclusion The scale has a good reliability and structural validity, which can be applied to the evaluation and measurement of emergency preparedness for Beijing residents.