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为了满足未来更加严格的排放法规,必须使用创新的解决方法来降低颗粒排放。具有可变喷孔截面的喷油嘴的潜力在柴油机制造业内早就为人们共知,但是直到现在还没有出现这样一个能解决全部功能问题的喷油嘴,即能在发动机低速和(或)低负荷时以减小的喷孔运转。这涉及到目标成本,同时还必须考虑到隐含着的对性能和制造工艺的要求。通过对喷油嘴内部油流的计算和油束的研究,可得知哪一种喷油嘴的几何截面能最好地满足各种要求。为了使燃烧室已与多孔式喷油嘴优化匹配的柴油机获得低颗粒排放,可变喷油嘴油束的方向及其几何截面必须在很大范围内与多孔式喷油嘴相对应,这对于在传统型燃烧室中充分利用可变喷油嘴的潜力具有决定性作用。具有上下垂直排列喷孔的变孔式喷油嘴为这个问题提供了解决方案。作者实现了变孔式喷油嘴的油束几何参数控制,并分析了FTP75试验程序所需的针阀控制的应用工作。
In order to meet the stricter emissions regulations of the future, innovative solutions must be used to reduce particulate emissions. The potential of injectors with variable nozzle cross-sections has long been known in the diesel engine industry but until now no such nozzle has been found to solve all of the functional problems of being able to operate at low engine speeds and / Low-load operation with a reduced orifice. This involves a target cost, but must also take into account the implicit requirements for performance and manufacturing processes. Through the calculation of the oil flow inside the nozzle and the study of the oil jet, it is known which geometry of the nozzle can best meet the various requirements. In order to achieve low particle emission for a diesel engine whose combustion chamber has been optimally matched with a porous nozzle, the direction of the variable nozzle jet and its geometric cross-section must correspond to a wide range of porous nozzles, The full potential of variable injectors in conventional combustion chambers is decisive. A variable orifice injector with vertical injection holes up and down provides a solution to this problem. The author realizes the geometric control of oil jet with variable orifice injector and analyzes the application of needle valve control required by FTP75 test program.