从“实然”能否推出“应然”?或者说,我们能否从一种事实推出应当如何的结论?这是价值哲学研究中的三大难题之一(另外两个难题是“如何定义价值?”与“如何理解评价的性质?”),也是伦理学研究经常要触及的难题。一、问题的由来及意谓这个问题最早是由英国哲学家休谟提出的,是故也称“休谟问题”或“休谟难题”。休谟是个擅长发现问题的人,除了提出这个问题以外,他还有关于因果问题与归纳问题 Is it possible to introduce “ought to be” from “reality ”? Or is it possible for us to deduce the conclusion from a fact? This is one of the three major problems in the study of philosophical value (the other two problems “How to define the value?” And “how to understand the nature of the evaluation?”) Is also a common problem in ethics research. First, the origin of the problem and that this issue was first proposed by the British philosopher Hume, it is also known as “Hume problem” or “Hume puzzle.” Hume is a good at finding problems, in addition to raising this issue, he also has on causal and inductive issues