一、导读1.问题的背景20世纪80年代以来,随着中国经济社会的发展,人口的大规模流动已经成为整个社会人口动态的重要内容。尤其是20世纪90年代以来,流动人口的数量年复一年的增加,“民工潮”每年潮起潮涌,成为20世纪末中国社会经济生活中最引人瞩目的现象之一。我国人口流动呈现出以下特点:首先,从距离来看,以近距离流动为主。在全 I. Introduction 1. Background of the Problem Since the 1980s, with the development of China’s economy and society, the mass migration of population has become an important part of the population as a whole. Especially since the 1990s, the number of migrants has been increasing year after year. The phenomenon of “migrant workers tide” has been one of the most notable phenomena in the social and economic life of China in the late 20th century. The flow of population in our country shows the following characteristics: First of all, from the perspective of distance, it mainly flows in a short distance. In the whole