最近,英国Sperry公司计算机系统部组织召开了一次题为“今后十年”的国际讨论会。会上Ingersoll公司经营负责人Briau Small对未来工厂发表了下列看法: (1)十年后还是有工厂,计算机不能取代一切。人们仍需制造所需的东西,如汽车、飞机、冷冻机、泵、阀,等等。污水仍需处理,不能用软件来完成。 (2)目前英国流行一种十分错误的观点,认为只要有采用新技术和新产品就可以去改变世界市场的面貌。殊不知仅仅追求技术先进会使成本和市场竞争受到极大冲击。他认为技术要与经营相结合;生产要与市场需要相结合。工程师在作出技术决策之前必须先作出商业上的决策。 (3)现在英国还有一种不正确观点,总认为直接劳动费用占生产成本的2/3,因此都针对压缩直接劳动 Recently, the computer system department of British Sperry Company organized an international seminar entitled “The Next Decade”. At the meeting, the head of Ingersoll’s operations, Briau Small, expressed the following views on the factory of the future: (1) There are still factories after ten years, and computers cannot replace everything. People still need to make what they need, such as cars, airplanes, freezers, pumps, valves, and so on. Sewage still needs to be treated and cannot be completed by software. (2) At present, a very erroneous view is popular in the United Kingdom. It is believed that the use of new technologies and new products can change the face of the world market. Little do they know that pursuing advanced technology alone will cause great impact on costs and market competition. He believes that technology must be combined with business; production must be combined with market needs. Engineers must make commercial decisions before making technical decisions. (3) Now that there is an incorrect view in the United Kingdom, it is generally accepted that direct labor costs account for two-thirds of the production cost, and therefore all direct labor for compression.