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目的:探讨超声引导下早期拔除留置导尿管对术后麻醉复苏室全身麻醉女性患者苏醒质量和尿管相关感染的影响。方法:前瞻性选择2019年9月至2020年4月在南方医科大学深圳医院行宫腹腔镜手术的146例妇科良性疾病患者纳入研究，随机分为2组，剔除4例。患者术后在麻醉复苏室经超声先评估膀胱的功能，观察组71例患者未见异常，抽尽膀胱残余尿液后拔除导尿管。对照组71例患者未见异常，术后24 h拔除导尿管。观察两组患者第一次膀胱排空后的残余尿量、尿潴留发生率、躁动发生率、尿路感染率、第一次步行时间和住院时间。结果:观察组和对照组入麻醉复苏室的苏醒期躁动发生率分别为7.0%(5/71)和22.5%(16/71)，组间比较差异有统计学意义(n P<0.01)；观察组和对照组术后第一次步行时间[(10.5±4.1)h vs (18.9±6.5)h]比较差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)；观察组和对照组术后住院时间[(3.2±1.3)d vs (5.1±2.5)d]比较差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)；观察组尿路感染率明显低于对照组(1.4% vs 9.8%，n P<0.05)，观察组导尿管拔除后尿路刺激征发生率明显低于对照组(1.4% vs 14.0%，n P<0.05)。n 结论:对于不复杂的妇科宫腹腔镜手术术后患者，超声评估膀胱的功能，抽尽膀胱残余尿后立即拔除尿管，较术后24 h后拔除导尿管更有利于患者的早期康复。“,”Objective:To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided early removal of indwelling catheter on recovery quality and catheter-related infection of patients with general anesthesia in post anesthesia recovery unit (PACU).Methods:From September 2019 to April 2020, 146 patients with gynecological benign diseases who underwent hysteroscopic surgery in the Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University were selected prospectively and randomly divided into two groups, with 4 cases excluded. The function of the bladder was evaluated by ultrasound in the anesthesia recovery room after operation. In the ultrasound group, 71 patients had no abnormality, and the catheter was removed after the residual urine of the bladder was drained. 71 patients in the control group were normal, and the catheter was removed 24 hours after operation. The residual urine volume, urine retention, incidence of restlessness, urinary tract infection rate, time to first walking and hospital stay were observed in the two groups after the first bladder emptying.Results:The incidence of agitation in PACU was 7.0%(5/71) in the ultrasound group and 22.5%(16/71) in the control group, with statistically significant difference (n P<0.01); the first postoperative walking time in the ultrasound group and the control group was statistically significant [(10.5±4.1)h vs (18.9±6.5)h,n P<0.05]; the postoperative hospital stay in the ultrasound group and the control group was statistically significant [(3.2±1.3)d vs (5.1±2.5)d,n P<0.05]. The incidence of urinary tract infection and urinary tract irritationin in ultrasound group was significantly lower than that in control group (1.4% vs 9.8%, 1.4% vs 14.0%,n P<0.05).n Conclusions:For uncomplicated patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery, ultrasound evaluation of bladder function, extraction of residual urine immediately after the removal of catheter, is more conducive to the early recovery of patients than 24 hours after the removal of catheter.