目的对北柴胡移栽试管植株和种子植株不同生长时期的遗传参数进行分析、比较,为优质北柴胡育种方法的建立和筛选提供依据。方法将试管植株移栽至大田中,将相同类型的种子播撒至大田中。第二年植株返青后标记并对分蘖数、分枝数、叶片数、叶长、叶宽、拔节数、节间距、茎粗和、株高、花序数等性状值定时进行测量,在种子成熟后采挖根并测量根长、根粗、根质量等药材性状指标。应用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果北柴胡移栽试管植株在不同生长期遗传参数的相对标准偏差均较小,植株整齐一致,个体差异小,遗传性状稳定;移栽试管植株在不同生长期各性状间的相关性与种子植株存在一定的差异;与种子植株相比,移栽试管植株的根产量和种子产量均具明显优势,药材性状和质量比较均一。结论北柴胡移栽试管植株的植物学和生药学性状优于种子植株,植物组织培养技术是优良北柴胡种质选育的有效方法。 Objective To analyze and compare the genetic parameters of transplanted test-tube plantlets and seed plants of Bupleurum chinense in different growth stages, and to provide the basis for the establishment and screening of high-quality Bupleurum chinensis breeding methods. Methods Transplant test-tube plants into the field and sow the same type of seeds into the field. In the second year, the plants were labeled with green and the number of tillers, branches, leaves, leaf length, leaf width, number of jointing, pitch, stem diameter, plant height and inflorescence number were measured regularly. After digging roots and measuring the root length, root diameter, root quality and other medicinal properties indicators. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of genetic parameters of transplanted test tube of Bupleurum chinense in different growth stages were small, the plants were neat, the individual differences were small, and the genetic traits were stable. The correlation between the traits of transplanted test- Compared with the seed plants, the root yield and seed yield of the transplanted test-tube plants have obvious advantages, and the traits and quality of the medicinal plants are relatively uniform. Conclusion Botrycological and biopharmaceutical properties of transplanted test tube of Bupleurum chinense are better than that of seed plants. Plant tissue culture is an effective method for germplasm selection of good Bupleurum chinense.