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胎儿生长受限(FGR)是导致围生儿患病及死亡的重要原因,对其远期的身心健康也产生重要影响。胎盘血管正常发育是确保胎儿充足血流供应、氧及营养物质摄取的基础,对维持胎儿生长发育至关重要。多种促血管生成因子如血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、血管生成素(Angpt)及肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)等参与妊娠时期胎盘血管形成,其表达异常可能是导致胎盘血管网发育障碍的主要原因;妊娠早期子宫内螺旋动脉重塑障碍也会影响胎盘血管形成,导致胎盘血流供应不足,从而导致FGR发生。
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, and also has an important impact on their long-term physical and mental health. The normal development of placental blood vessels is to ensure adequate supply of fetal blood flow, oxygen and nutrient uptake is essential to maintain fetal growth and development is crucial. A variety of proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Angpt and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are involved in placental vascularization during pregnancy. The abnormal expression may be the result of placental vascular network The main reason for dysplasia; Early pregnancy, uterine spiral artery remodeling disorders will also affect the formation of placental blood vessels, resulting in insufficient supply of placental blood flow, resulting in FGR.