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目的评价钉螺压碎器在批量检测血吸虫感染性钉螺中的应用效果。方法制作钉螺压碎器和逸蚴三角瓶,将未感染血吸虫的钉螺按50、100、200、300只分成4组,分别装入逸蚴三角瓶中,每组10瓶;从每组中随机选3瓶,将实验室人工培养的血吸虫感染性钉螺12只分别投入各瓶,每瓶1只;将装有感染性钉螺的逸蚴瓶放回各组统一编号。用钉螺压碎器压碎钉螺,记录各组碎螺率、施压次数与时间;待钉螺全部被压碎后,加水并取水膜至显微镜下观察,记录尾蚴数量并计算各组尾蚴检出率。现场采集钉螺,用压碎法和钉螺压碎器改良压碎逸蚴法(压逸法)进行检测,计算二者的符合率。结果采用钉螺压碎器压碎50、100、200、300只钉螺,各组碎螺率均为100%,每组平均施压次数分别为15.70、23.20、32.20、39.20次,平均施压时间分别为1.01、1.70、2.00、3.00 min,施压次数、时间与批量钉螺只数呈正相关(r=0.68、0.73,P均<0.01);各组尾蚴检出率均为100%。现场应用中,压碎法检测钉螺109只,钉螺压碎器压逸法检测620只,均未发现感染性钉螺,两种方法符合率为100%。结论钉螺压碎器操作简单、省力,具有现场推广应用价值。
Objective To evaluate the application effect of snail crusher in batch detection of snails infected with schistosoma. Methods Spinning screw crusher and trifurcation flask triad, uninfected Schistosoma japonicum by 50,100,200,300 divided into four groups, respectively, into the trifular turbinates, each bottle of 10 bottles; randomly selected from each group Select 3 bottles, laboratory cultured schistosome infective snails 12 were put into each bottle, each bottle of 1; will be equipped with infectious snails of the maggot bottle back into the uniform number. Crushing snails with a snail crusher, recording the rate of crushing snails, the number of pressure and time; to snail all crushed, add water and take a water film to observe the microscope, record the number of cercariae and calculate the cercariae detection rate of each group . Oncomelania collected on site, crushing and snail crusher improved crush method (pressure escape method) to detect, calculate the coincidence rate of the two. Results Fifty, 100, 200 and 300 snails were crushed by snail crushers. The rates of snail crushing in each group were 100%, and the average times of applying pressure in each group were 15.70,23.20,32.20,39.20 times respectively. The average pressure time was 1.01,1.70,2.00,3.00 min. The times of applying pressure and time were positively correlated with the numbers of snail (r = 0.68,0.73, P <0.01). The detection rates of cercariae in each group were 100%. In the field application, 109 snails were detected by crushing method and 620 by pressure crushing method by snail crusher. No infectious snails were found. The coincidence rate of the two methods was 100%. Conclusion Snail crusher operation is simple and labor-saving, with site promotion and application value.