国际著名马克思主义研究者诺曼.莱文在研究马克思思想的历史溯源和理论特征中,特别关注了毛泽东的哲学创作和实践个性。在莱文看来,毛泽东没有任何哲学创造但又本能地领会了马克思的精神,毛泽东没有接触马克思的任何著作而是活剥了恩格斯和列宁化的马克思主义。重重矛盾的莱文不但没有领会毛泽东的实践理性也没有理解“马克思主义正统”的机杼。 Norman Levin, an internationally famous Marxist researcher, paid special attention to Mao Zedong’s philosophical creation and practical personality in the study of historical origin and theoretical features of Marx’s thought. In Levin’s view, Mao Zedong did not have any philosophical creation but instinctively grasped the spirit of Marx. Mao Tse-tung did not touch any works of Marxism but dehumanized Engels and Lenin’s Marxism. Levin heavy contradictions not only failed to understand Mao Zedong’s practical reason and did not understand “Marxist orthodoxy ” machine 杼.