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本文以田野调查所得材料为主,结合文献资料,运用文化人类学的一些理论和方法,对中华人民共和国成立前和成立后广东平远县黄畲地区客家人的丧礼、丧服制度,尤其是这两种制度在近十多年来随着社会的变迁所引起的变革,作一简要的论述,以就正于方家。一、黄畲客家人黄畲是个小山乡,位于广东省平远县东北部,它东部和南部均与本县仁居乡接壤,西邻八尺乡,,北界江西省寻邬县。全乡东、西、北三面高山耸立,中间为一河谷地带,平均海拨500米以上。本乡山岭属五蛉武夷山的余脉,乡北最高峰牛牯崃,巍峨高耸,达海拔900余米。黄畲山乡,山峦奇秀,万木葱笼,高山流水,鸟音鸡鸣,梯田层层,村落点点,风光旖旎,景色招人,气候温和,四季分明,黄畲客家人世代繁衍生息其间。
This article takes the materials from the field investigation as the main material, and uses some theories and methods of cultural anthropology to analyze the funeral and mourning system of the Hakka people in Huanghe District, Pingyuan County, Guangdong Province before and after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially this In the past decade or so, the two systems have brought a brief exposition on the changes brought about by the changes in society so as to give positive effect to Fang’s family. I. Huanghe Hakka Huanghe is a small town located in the northeast of Pingyuan County of Guangdong Province. It borders Renju Township and Rena Township in the east and south of the county. It is surrounded by Bachi Township in the west and Wu County in the north with Jiangxi Province in the north. The township east, west and north stands on three sides of the mountain, in the middle of a valley, the average altitude of 500 meters above. The township is a five-Wuyi Wuyi Mountains, the northern peak of the highest peak Niuhuo, towering towering, up to 900 meters above sea level. Yellow She Shan, Qixiu mountains, Wan Mu onion cage, mountains and rivers, bird sounds crowing, terraced layers, the village a little, beautiful scenery, hiring scenery, mild climate, four distinct seasons, the Yellow Shek Hakka generation multiply.