3D printing of high-performance micro-supercapacitors with patterned exfoliated graphene/carbon nano

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Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) show great potential as on-chip energy storage devices for portable electronics.The major flaw of thin-film MSCs is their low energy density.To improve the energy density,thicker electrodes are required.However,the fabrication of MSCs with thick electrodes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel 3D printing method is employed to fabricate high-performance MSCs with interdigitated exfoliated graphene (EG)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/silver nanowire (AgNW) elec-trodes.The nanowelding of AgNW junction plays a critical role in the realization of 3D printing.To enhance the electrochemical performances of EG,phosphorus atoms are incorporated into the carbon framework with 1.7 at%.The areal capacitance of the 3D printed MSC is 21.6 mF cm-2 at a scan rate of 0.01 V s-1.The areal energy density of the MSC ranges from 0.5 to 2 μWh cm-2 with a maximum power density of 2.5 mW cm-2.
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