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目的探讨青光眼视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)选择性损伤机制。方法用结扎上巩膜静脉联合术后球结膜下注射5-氟尿嘧啶的方法建立大鼠慢性高眼压模型。模型建立后1周、1个月,在视网膜铺片上行免疫组织化学染色,在激光共聚焦显微镜下观察视网膜谷氨酸受体(GluR)2以及神经丝蛋白(NF)-68的表达情况。结果结扎上巩膜静脉联合术后球结膜下注射5-氟尿嘧啶可诱导较长时间稳定高眼压,1个月内12只高眼压眼眼压均大于22 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)。在正常对照组及高眼压组,大、中、小直径的 RGC 均可表达 NF-68,但 NF-68在大直径的神经节细胞的表达更为明显。在正常对照组,大鼠大 RGC 均缺乏 GluR2的表达,而中、小直径 RGC 大都可表达 GluR2;高眼压1周以及1个月组,中、小直径 RGC GluR2的表达没有明显变化;高眼压1周,NF-68阳性的大直径的 RGC 仍缺乏 GluR2的表达;但到高眼压1个月,残存 NF-68阳性的大直径的 RGC 开始表达GluR2。结论大 RGC 对高眼压的易损性可能与其特异性缺乏 GluR2表达有关。
Objective To investigate the selective damage mechanism of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in glaucoma. Methods A rat model of chronic ocular hypertension was established by ligation of the scleral vein combined with subconjunctival injection of 5-fluorouracil. At 1 week and 1 month after establishment of the model, immunohistochemical staining was performed on the retina and the expression of glutamate receptor (GluR) 2 and neurofilament (NF) -68 in the retina was observed under confocal laser scanning microscope. Results The ligation of the scleral vein combined with subconjunctival injection of 5-Fluorouracil resulted in a long-term stable intraocular pressure (IOP) greater than 22 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) in 1 month, . In normal control group and high intraocular pressure group, large, medium and small diameter of RGC can express NF-68, but the expression of NF-68 in large diameter ganglion cells is more obvious. In the normal control group, the large RGCs of rats lacked the expression of GluR2, whereas the medium and small diameter RGCs mostly expressed GluR2. The expression of GluR2 in medium and small diameter RGCs did not change significantly in high IOP group and in 1 month group; One week after intraocular pressure, large diameter RGCs with NF-68 positive still lacked GluR2 expression. However, at 1 month after intraocular hypertension, large diameter RGCs with residual NF-68 positive began to express GluR2. Conclusions The vulnerability of large RGCs to ocular hypertension may be related to its specific lack of GluR2 expression.