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传统语法对保留宾语被动句的研究集中在分类和描写方面(吕叔湘1965),但仅仅关注语料而缺乏理论分析不能全面揭示语言现象的内在生成机制。依据语言学理论分析(Wray2002;Croft&Cruse 2006;Chomsky 2008),文章认为,汉语保留宾语被动句的生成是两种操作程序相辅相成使然:1)存储于心理词库中的预制语块;2)依据推导程序生成规范句型。据此把汉语保留宾语被动句区分为习语型和规范型两类既符合不同语言学理论的断言,也与传统语法研究的描述一致,而且也具备一定的语言经验基础。本人认为,汉语句法研究应该兼容并蓄,基于使用频率的用法理论和基于推导程序的生成语法都有助于揭示语言机制的协调运作是如何实现的。
Traditional grammars have focused on the classification and description of the passive sentences in the preservation of objects (Lv Shuxiang 1965). However, focusing on the corpus and lack of theoretical analysis can not fully reveal the inherent mechanism of linguistic phenomena. According to linguistic theory analysis (Wray2002; Croft & Cruse 2006; Chomsky2008), the article holds that the generation of passive sentences in Chinese reserved objects is a combination of two operating procedures: 1) prefabricated chunks stored in mental lexicon; 2) Program to generate the standard sentence pattern. According to this, the passive sentences in the Chinese reserved object are divided into two types, that is, the idioms that conform to different theories of linguistics and are consistent with the description of the traditional grammar, but also have some experience of language. In my opinion, Chinese syntactic research should be inclusive. Both the usage-based usage theory and the derivation-based generation grammar help to reveal how the coordination of linguistic mechanisms is achieved.